H.R. 5789, The Rapid DNA Act of 2015 has been introduced in the Senate by Senator Orrin Hatch. This bill is to update the DNA Identification Act of 1994, allowing DNA samples to be processed using Rapid DNA instruments. Within less than two hours, those self-contained, fully automated devices are able to develop a reference sample profile from minimally invasive cheek swabs and compare the results against existing profiles. This could help law enforcement officials to decide more quickly whether an individual in custody should be held or released. Under current law, DNA samples have to be sent to crime labs for processing, which can take weeks or even months. Rapid DNA devices on the other hand, can be placed in booking stations and other approved locations, theoretically allowing an officer to know within two hours whether an individual is wanted for an outstanding crime or has a connection to evidence from a crime scene. Current law, however, restricts access to the FBI’s Combined Index System (CODIS) to DNA records generated at an accredited crime lab. The Rapid DNA Act of 2015 thus also wants to authorize law enforcement agencies using Rapid DNA instruments to access CODIS and upload profiles generated by such devices to CODIS. Therefor, Rapid DNA instruments must be operated in accordance with standards and procedures issued by the FBI in order to ensure the integrity of such instruments and the accuracy of results.
Sources: Utah Policy, Rapid DNA Act of 2015 (One-Page Summary)